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Canberra Manual

This Manual is intended to provide guidelines for the measurement of Human Resources devoted to Science and Technology (HRST) and the analysis of such data. It has been prepared in close co-operation between the OECD and the DGXII and Eurostat of the European Commission, other OECD directorates (notably DEELSA), UNESCO and the International Labour Office (ILO) and with the support of national experts.

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Frascati Manual 2002

Statistical Document

In June 1963, the OECD met with national experts on research and development (R&D) statistics at the Villa Falcioneri in Frascati, Italy. The result was the first official version of the Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys of Research and Development, better known as the Frascati Manual. This publication is the sixth edition. Since the fifth edition was issued in 1994, attention has increasingly been paid to R&D and innovation as key elements in the knowledge-based economy. Reliable and comparable statistics and indicators to monitor this area are of crucial importance.

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Canberra Manual

Frascati Manual 2002

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